Land Background

Types of Planning Applications in England

Full, Outline, Permission in Principle and Prior Approval Explained

The correct planning route depends on what is proposed, how much design detail is available, the planning policy position and whether the land or building benefits from a national permitted development right.

Full and outline applications are assessed against the development plan and other material considerations. Permission in principle separates the principle of housing-led development from its technical details, while Classes Q, R and MA operate through the General Permitted Development Order 2015.

Prior approval is not a simplified full planning application. The proposal must first satisfy every legal limitation and condition of the relevant permitted development right.

This guide explains how each route works, what evidence may be required, the local authority's statutory determination period and the appeal process if an application is refused or not determined.

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Planning consent routes in England

Understanding the Main Types of Planning Application

A planning strategy should begin by identifying the legal route that fits the proposed development.

The statutory term is permission in principle, although it is sometimes informally described as planning in principle. Full permission, outline permission and permission in principle are applications for local planning permission. Class Q, Class R and Class MA are different: planning permission is granted nationally by the Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) (England) Order 2015, subject to detailed restrictions and, where required, prior approval by the local planning authority.

Choosing the wrong route can lead to invalidation, refusal, unnecessary survey costs or a scheme that cannot lawfully be implemented. The route should therefore be checked before detailed design work begins.

Planning Application Determination Periods

The period normally runs from the day after the local planning authority receives a valid application. A written extension of time or planning performance agreement may alter the deadline. Prior approval classes must be checked against their own statutory wording.

Application route What is determined Statutory period What follows
Full or outline application Detailed scheme or general principle 8 weeks standard; 13 weeks major; 16 weeks where EIA is required Conditions, obligations and, for outline consent, reserved matters
Reserved matters Access, appearance, landscaping, layout and/or scale left by outline consent Normally 8 or 13 weeks, depending on whether the development is major; 16 weeks where EIA applies Discharge pre-commencement conditions and implement within the permission's time limits
Permission in principle Location, land use and amount of housing-led development 5 weeks Technical details consent before any development can begin
Technical details consent All details needed to grant planning permission 5 weeks non-major; 10 weeks major; 16 weeks where EIA is required Conditions, obligations, CIL and biodiversity requirements may apply
Class Q prior approval Legal eligibility and the specified Class Q prior approval matters Normally 56 days Complete the approved conversion within the GPDO period, normally 3 years
Class R Notification at up to 150 m²; specified prior approval matters above 150 m² Notification only at up to 150 m²; normally 56 days for prior approval above 150 m² Any necessary external operational works usually need separate planning permission
Class MA prior approval Legal eligibility and the specified residential conversion impacts Normally 56 days Complete the change of use within 3 years of the prior approval date

Statutory period does not mean automatic approval in every case

For ordinary planning applications, expiry of the period creates a right to appeal against non-determination; it does not grant permission. Some prior approval classes contain a deemed outcome after the relevant period, but only where every eligibility requirement and procedural condition has been met. Professional advice should be obtained before relying on a missed prior approval deadline.

Detailed application

Full Planning Permission

A full planning application asks the local planning authority to decide the principle and the detailed design of the development in one application.

The submission normally shows the proposed use, number and form of buildings, access, parking, layout, scale, appearance, landscaping, drainage and other details needed to understand the finished scheme. It is generally the appropriate route where the proposal is fully designed, where the development is a change of use, or where certainty is required over exactly what may be built.

A grant of full planning permission does not always mean work can start immediately. Pre-commencement conditions may need to be discharged, a section 106 agreement may need to be completed, the biodiversity gain plan may require approval, and separate building regulations, highways, environmental or listed building consents may still be required.

Full planning permission provides the clearest consent for a defined scheme, but it usually requires the greatest level of design and technical evidence at the outset.

When a Full Application May Be Appropriate

The layout and design are sufficiently advanced
The proposal includes a material change of use
A purchaser or funder requires a detailed implementable consent
The site is small enough for all matters to be resolved together
Detailed mitigation is needed to overcome a constraint

The Full Planning Application Process

01

Feasibility and Strategy

Review planning policy, history, access, constraints, ownership and likely development capacity. Pre-application advice may be worthwhile.

02

Design and Surveys

Prepare plans and commission proportionate technical evidence. Seasonal ecology, traffic counts or ground investigations can affect the programme.

03

Submission and Validation

Submit the form, fee, ownership certificate, plans and documents required by national rules and the council's current local validation list.

04

Publicity and Consultation

The authority publicises the application and consults relevant bodies such as highways, drainage, ecology, environmental health and parish councils.

05

Assessment and Negotiation

The case officer assesses policy and material considerations, may request clarification or amendments, and considers conditions and planning obligations.

06

Decision and Implementation

Permission may be granted, granted subject to conditions and obligations, or refused. Any pre-commencement requirements must be satisfied before work starts.

Decision Period

Eight weeks for standard applications, 13 weeks for major development and 16 weeks where an Environmental Impact Assessment is required, unless a different period is agreed in writing.

Appeal Route

The applicant may appeal against refusal, an objectionable condition or non-determination. The general appeal period is six months, although shorter periods apply to certain householder and minor commercial refusals and where enforcement action is involved.

Principle followed by detail

Outline Planning Permission and Reserved Matters

An outline application seeks a decision on the general principles of development while reserving one or more detailed matters for later approval.

It is commonly used for residential, commercial or mixed-use schemes where a landowner or promoter wants to establish whether the site can be developed before finalising every design detail. The application must still identify the proposed use and amount of development and indicate where access points would be situated, even where access is reserved.

Access

Routes to and within the site and their connection to the wider network.

Appearance

Architecture, materials and the visual impression of buildings and places.

Landscaping

Planting, screening, earthworks and treatment of open land.

Layout

The arrangement and orientation of buildings, routes and spaces.

Scale

The height, width and length of each proposed building.

How the Outline Route Works

1

Submit the outline application

Provide the development description, site boundary, use and amount, access-point information, parameter or illustrative plans and enough technical evidence to assess the likely effects.

2

Establish the principle and parameters

The authority considers the proposal against the development plan and material considerations and may control maximum numbers, land uses, access, building parameters and mitigation by condition.

3

Submit reserved matters

Applications for one or more reserved matters are normally required within three years of the outline permission, unless the decision notice sets a different period.

4

Discharge conditions and commence

Development normally must begin within two years of the final reserved matters approval, but the exact conditions and statutory time limits on the decision notice control.

Outline Does Not Mean Evidence-Free

A council cannot safely establish the principle of development if fundamental effects are unknown. Depending on the site, an outline application may still need access evidence, ecology, flood risk and drainage work, a transport assessment, heritage and landscape evidence, contamination work, a utilities strategy, an indicative masterplan and an Environmental Statement.

The authority may request details of a reserved matter within one month of receiving the application if it considers those details are necessary to determine the proposal. Information shown as part of the application, rather than expressly identified as illustrative, may become part of the permission.

Outline permission can reduce early design expenditure, but it should not defer evidence needed to prove that the proposed amount of development is genuinely deliverable.

Decision Period

The outline application is normally determined within 8 weeks, 13 weeks for major development or 16 weeks where EIA applies. A reserved matters application is normally subject to the same 8, 13 or 16-week framework according to the development concerned.

Appeal Route

The applicant can appeal against refusal, objectionable conditions or non-determination of the outline application. Refusal or non-determination of reserved matters can also be appealed. The general appeal period is normally 6 months, subject to any shorter special deadline.

Full or Outline Planning Permission?

The better route depends on the purpose of the application, the level of certainty required and how much technical work is needed to establish the site's capacity.

Full Permission May Be Better Where

The scheme is modest or fully designed.

A defined layout is needed to resolve access, amenity or heritage issues.

The proposal is a change of use or includes detailed operational development.

A buyer or funder wants a detailed implementable permission.

Outline Permission May Be Better Where

The first objective is to establish the principle and maximum development parameters.

A future developer will prepare the detailed design.

The site is large, phased or strategically promoted.

Some design flexibility should remain after the principle is secured.

Two-stage housing-led consent

Permission in Principle

Permission in principle separates the decision about whether housing-led development is acceptable in principle from the detailed technical design.

The first stage considers only the location, land use and amount of development. An application must be housing-led, although a compatible minority of non-residential floorspace can be included. The application route cannot be used for major development, householder development, minerals development, EIA development or excluded habitats development.

Permission in principle may also arise when a qualifying site is entered in Part 2 of a brownfield land register. That route has different eligibility rules and does not create a right of appeal if the authority decides not to enter the site.

Important Limits

Application route: non-major

Usually fewer than 10 homes and, where the number is unknown, below the major-development site threshold.

Housing must lead

Housing must occupy the majority of the scheme's floorspace.

No right to build after stage one

Technical details consent is required before development can begin.

No conditions at stage one

Conditions and planning obligations are dealt with at technical details consent.

1

Permission in Principle Stage

The application identifies the site, proposed housing-led land use and a minimum and maximum amount of development.

The statutory determination period is 5 weeks from valid receipt unless a longer period is agreed in writing.

A permission granted by application normally lasts 3 years. A permission triggered by a brownfield register normally lasts 5 years, although the authority can specify a different period.

2

Technical Details Consent

The application supplies all matters necessary to make the development acceptable, including design, access, drainage, ecology, highways, amenity, infrastructure and mitigation.

The statutory period is 5 weeks for non-major development, 10 weeks for major development and 16 weeks if EIA is required.

Conditions, section 106 obligations, CIL and the biodiversity gain condition may apply at this stage.

Appeals Under the Permission in Principle Route

An applicant can appeal against refusal of permission in principle following an application. Technical details consent can be appealed for refusal, objectionable conditions or non-determination. There is no appeal simply because a council declines to place a site in Part 2 of its brownfield land register.

National permitted development rights

How Prior Approval Under the GPDO 2015 Differs

Under the GPDO, Parliament grants planning permission nationally for specified development. The local planning authority does not reconsider the whole proposal as though it were a full application. It checks whether the development falls within the class and assesses only the matters expressly identified for prior approval.

Eligibility Comes First

Use history, dates, floorspace, building status, agricultural unit, access and site designations must satisfy the exact statutory tests.

Rights Can Be Removed

An Article 4 direction, a condition on an earlier permission or another statutory restriction may remove or limit the right.

Specified Matters Only

The authority assesses the particular impacts listed for that class, but may refuse if the proposal is not permitted development at all.

Strict Procedure and Time

Prior approval must be sought before development begins and implementation must comply with the class-specific time limit and approved details.

A prior approval decision does not cure a failure to meet the underlying GPDO limitations. Applicants should retain evidence proving the lawful use history, building eligibility and compliance with every condition.

Schedule 2, Part 3, Class Q

Class Q: Agricultural Buildings to Dwellinghouses

Class Q can permit a qualifying building on an established agricultural unit, or a qualifying former agricultural building, together with land within its curtilage, to change to Class C3 dwellinghouses with limited building operations reasonably necessary for the conversion.

Under the current limits, Class Q can create up to 10 dwellinghouses across the relevant agricultural unit, subject to a maximum cumulative floorspace of 1,000 m² and a maximum of 150 m² for any individual dwelling. The resulting homes must comply with the nationally described space standard.

The right is intended for conversion rather than substantial demolition and rebuilding. A single-storey rear extension of up to 4 metres may be possible where the detailed statutory conditions are met, including the requirement for qualifying hardstanding. The building must have suitable existing access to a public highway.

Class Q Eligibility Checks

Agricultural history: the building must satisfy the established or former agricultural unit date and use tests, including the rolling 10-year rule where relevant.

Conversion capability: the existing building must be structurally capable of conversion without becoming a replacement building.

Access: suitable existing access to a public highway must already exist.

Designations: Class Q is unavailable on specified protected land and for listed buildings, scheduled monuments and other excluded sites.

Tenancies and previous development: agricultural tenancy rules and any previous Class Q development must be checked.

What the Council Can Assess

Transport and highway impacts

Noise impacts

Contamination risks

Flooding risks

Whether location or siting makes residential use impractical or undesirable

Design and external appearance

Adequate natural light in habitable rooms

Adjoining amenity where a permitted extension is proposed

Typical Class Q Submission

Plans: location, site, measured existing and proposed floor plans, elevations, sections, curtilage, parking and access.

Use evidence: agricultural records, aerial photography, accounts, tenancy documents and planning history proving the statutory use dates.

Structural evidence: a survey and conversion methodology showing the building can be converted rather than rebuilt.

Technical evidence: highway note, flood risk, contamination, noise, ecology and protected species work where relevant.

Design evidence: materials, natural-light assessment, space-standard schedule and explanation of any building operations or extension.

Council period

56 days

Normally calculated under the prior approval procedure from valid receipt.

Implementation

3 years

The development normally must be completed within 3 years of the prior approval date.

Appeal

Section 78

A refusal or non-determination can be appealed, normally within the general six-month period.

Schedule 2, Part 3, Class R

Class R: Agricultural Buildings to Flexible Commercial Use

Class R supports farm diversification by allowing qualifying agricultural buildings and land within their curtilage to change to specified flexible uses.

The cumulative floorspace that can change use within the relevant agricultural unit is up to 1,000 m². The building must satisfy the statutory agricultural-use history test, and listed buildings, scheduled monuments, military explosives storage areas and safety hazard areas are excluded.

Restricted Class B2

Processing raw goods produced and sold on the site, excluding livestock, with permitted ancillary goods.

Class B8

Storage or distribution.

Class C1

Hotels.

Class E

Commercial, business and service uses, including eligible shops, offices, cafés, gyms and services.

Class F2(c)

Outdoor sport or recreation uses, including associated fitness uses within the permitted scope.

Agricultural Training

Use for the provision of agricultural training.

Up to 150 m²: Notification Route

Where the cumulative floorspace changed under Class R does not exceed 150 m², the developer must give the local planning authority the date the flexible use will begin, the nature of the use or uses, and a plan identifying the site and buildings.

This is a statutory notification, not a conventional eight-week planning application.

Above 150 m² to 1,000 m²: Prior Approval

Prior approval is required in relation to transport and highways, noise, contamination and flooding. Paragraph W normally provides a 56-day determination period.

Development under the prior approval route normally must begin within 3 years of the prior approval date.

Class R Does Not Normally Authorise External Building Works

The right changes the use. Operational development such as substantial new openings, extensions, access works, cladding or other external alterations may require a separate full planning application. The planning status of a site after a Class R change is also treated as sui generis for Use Classes purposes, so later changes should be checked carefully.

Appeal Against Refusal of Prior Approval

Where more than 150 m² is proposed and prior approval is refused, the applicant can normally appeal under section 78 within 6 months. For applications made from 1 April 2026, the appeal will usually begin under the Part 1 written representations procedure.

Disputes Under the Notification Route

At up to 150 m², the authority is notified rather than asked to make a conventional merits decision. If it disputes whether Class R applies, the use history and statutory limitations should be reviewed before considering a lawful development certificate, full application or other formal route.

Schedule 2, Part 3, Class MA

Class MA: Commercial, Business and Service Uses to Homes

Class MA can permit a building or part of a building in qualifying Class E commercial, business or service use to change to Class C3 dwellinghouses, subject to prior approval.

To satisfy the use-history test, the building's use must have fallen within qualifying Class E use, or an applicable predecessor use, for a continuous period of at least 2 years before the date of the prior approval application. The building can be vacant when the application is made, but the applicant should prove the qualifying lawful use and address any question of abandonment. Since 5 March 2024, Class MA has no national floorspace cap and there is no three-month vacancy requirement.

Class MA grants a change of use rather than unrestricted external alterations. New windows, extensions, major façade changes and other operational development may require a separate application. Article 4 directions commonly remove Class MA in defined employment areas and town centres, so the local position must be checked first.

Where Class MA May Not Apply

The building does not satisfy the continuous qualifying-use period.

An Article 4 direction or planning condition removes the right.

The site or building falls within an excluded designation, such as a listed building, scheduled monument, SSSI or specified protected land.

The proposal depends on external works that are not separately authorised.

The proposed homes cannot meet national space and natural-light requirements.

Class MA Prior Approval Matters

Transport and Access

Transport impacts, with particular attention to safe site access.

Contamination

Contamination risks in relation to the building and intended residential use.

Flooding

Flood risk to the building and its future residents.

Commercial Noise

The effect of noise from commercial premises on intended occupiers.

Conservation Areas

For relevant ground-floor changes, the impact on the character or sustainability of the conservation area.

Natural Light

Adequate natural light in all habitable rooms.

Industrial and Waste Uses

Impacts on intended occupiers where the building is in an area important for industry, waste or storage and distribution.

Local Services

The loss of a registered nursery or health centre and the effect on local service provision.

Fire Safety

Fire-safety impacts where the building meets the relevant height or storey threshold.

Council period

56 days

Normally from valid receipt under the Paragraph W prior approval procedure.

Completion

3 years

The change of use must be completed within 3 years starting with the prior approval date.

Appeal

Usually 6 months

A refusal or non-determination can normally be appealed within the general section 78 period.

Validation and technical evidence

What Surveys and Reports Are Required?

There is no single survey package that applies to every planning application.

A valid application must satisfy national information requirements and the local planning authority's current local validation list. The technical reports should then be proportionate to the proposal, site constraints and matters the authority must determine. Commissioning every possible survey wastes money, but omitting a necessary report can delay validation or lead to refusal.

Core Application Documents

Correct application or prior approval form and fee

Location plan with the application site edged red and other nearby ownership edged blue where applicable

Site or block plan and the necessary existing and proposed plans, elevations and sections

Ownership certificate and agricultural land declaration for ordinary planning applications

Design and Access Statement where the statutory trigger applies

Fire Statement where required for a qualifying development

Environmental Statement and non-technical summary where EIA is required

Documents Often Needed to Explain the Case

Planning Statement assessing national and local policy and material considerations

Design statement, accommodation schedule, masterplan and parameter plans

Statement of Community Involvement for significant proposals where local requirements apply

Affordable housing, viability, housing mix or employment evidence where relevant

Sustainability, energy, climate, waste and materials statements required by local policy

Common Technical Surveys and Their Triggers

Highways and Transport

Access design, visibility splays, swept paths, parking, transport statement or assessment, traffic counts, travel plan and road-safety evidence.

Ecology and Protected Species

Preliminary ecological appraisal, bat, bird, reptile, badger or other species surveys, habitat regulations evidence and mitigation. Some surveys are seasonal.

Biodiversity Net Gain

Baseline habitat information, metric, plans and strategy where the statutory biodiversity gain condition applies. Permitted development rights are exempt, permission in principle is outside scope, but technical details consent can be in scope.

Flood Risk and Drainage

Site-specific Flood Risk Assessment, sequential evidence where relevant, surface-water and foul-drainage strategy, infiltration testing and SuDS design.

Trees and Arboriculture

Tree survey, constraints plan, arboricultural impact assessment, method statement and tree-protection plan.

Landscape and Visual Impact

Landscape appraisal or LVIA, viewpoints, photomontages, landscape strategy and assessment of settlement or protected-landscape effects.

Heritage and Archaeology

Heritage Statement, setting assessment, desk-based archaeological assessment, geophysics, trial trenching or building recording where relevant.

Contamination and Ground

Phase 1 desk study, Phase 2 investigation, remediation strategy, geotechnical work, mining or ground-stability reports.

Noise, Air and Lighting

Noise impact assessment, acoustic design, air-quality assessment, odour work, lighting assessment and construction impacts.

Utilities and Infrastructure

Utilities search, capacity enquiries, electricity or gas constraints, foul drainage, water supply, telecoms and infrastructure delivery strategy.

Agricultural Land and Rural Effects

Agricultural Land Classification, farm impact, rural worker justification, odour or livestock separation and evidence of agricultural use history.

Building and Design Surveys

Topographical and measured building surveys, structural appraisal, daylight and sunlight, natural-light calculations, fire strategy and national space-standard schedule.

Commission Surveys in the Right Order

Start with a planning and constraints review, then commission the evidence that can determine whether the scheme is feasible. Access, flood risk, ecology, structural suitability and use-history evidence can be decisive. Detailed design work should respond to those findings rather than precede them.

How the Local Planning Authority Processes an Application

The statutory clock normally starts only after validation. A complete, route-specific submission reduces the risk of the application being held as invalid or refused because the authority lacks evidence.

1

Receipt and Validation

The authority checks the form, fee, ownership information, plans and local-list documents. It may request missing validation information.

2

Publicity and Consultation

Neighbours, statutory consultees and local bodies are notified in accordance with the procedure applying to the application type.

3

Site and Policy Assessment

The officer reviews the development plan, national policy, planning history, site visit, consultation responses and all material considerations.

4

Further Information or Amendments

The authority may seek clarification, revised plans or additional evidence. Significant changes may need further consultation.

5

Conditions and Obligations

Officers consider whether impacts can be addressed by conditions, a section 106 agreement, CIL, mitigation or a biodiversity gain plan.

6

Delegated or Committee Decision

The application is approved, approved with conditions or refused by an authorised officer or planning committee under the authority's constitution.

Extensions of Time

For ordinary applications, the council and applicant can agree a longer determination period in writing. Major schemes may use a planning performance agreement setting a project timetable. Consider whether an extension is justified before agreeing, because it changes the non-determination appeal date and can affect fee-refund rights.

Planning Guarantee

This is separate from the statutory period. Government policy is that major applications should be decided within 26 weeks and non-major applications within 16 weeks. If no longer period has been agreed and no appeal has been made, the application fee may be refundable after those periods, subject to the applicable rules.

Planning Inspectorate

Planning Appeal Processes in England

Only the person who made the application can appeal under section 78. There is no general third-party merits appeal against a council's decision to grant permission.

Appeal Against Refusal

The appellant addresses each reason for refusal and explains why the development should be allowed on the evidence that was before the local authority.

Appeal Against Conditions

An applicant may challenge a condition imposed on a permission or technical details consent where it is considered unnecessary, unreasonable or otherwise fails the legal and policy tests.

Appeal Against Non-Determination

Once the statutory or agreed period expires, the applicant can transfer the decision to the Secretary of State through the Planning Inspectorate.

Appeal Time Limits

Most full, outline, prior approval, reserved matters, permission in principle and technical details appeals

Normally 6 months from the decision notice, or from expiry of the authority's determination period for non-determination.

Householder refusal

12 weeks from the decision notice. A conditions or non-determination appeal generally has a different six-month period.

Minor commercial refusal

12 weeks from the decision notice.

Enforcement overlap

An enforcement notice relating to the same or similar development can reduce the period to 28 days. Always check the decision notice and current appeal guidance immediately.

Appeals for Applications Made From 1 April 2026

Appeals against refusal, objectionable conditions, refusal of prior approval, refusal of reserved matters, permission in principle and refusal of technical details consent normally enter the Part 1 written representations procedure, unless the Inspectorate transfers the case to another procedure.

Under Part 1, the appellant normally cannot introduce new evidence that was not before the local authority, unless there has exceptionally been a material change of circumstances. The appeal must therefore be built on a complete application-stage case.

Non-determination appeals normally use the Part 2 written representations procedure. The Planning Inspectorate can instead select a hearing or inquiry where the issues require it.

Interested parties' application-stage comments are forwarded to the Inspector in a Part 1 appeal, but they do not normally submit new appeal-stage comments. Costs can be awarded where unreasonable behaviour causes unnecessary expense.

Typical Appeal Steps

01

Review

Assess refusal reasons, evidence, conditions, prospects and whether amendment or resubmission is better.

02

Submit

File the appeal form, grounds, application documents, decision notice and ownership notifications before the deadline.

03

Validate

The Inspectorate confirms validity, start date, procedure and timetable.

04

Evidence and Visit

The Inspector considers the application record, representations and normally visits the site.

05

Decision

The appeal is allowed or dismissed, with conditions where appropriate. A legal challenge is possible only on public-law grounds.

Choose the Route Before Committing to Application Costs

A disciplined route-selection review can identify fatal issues early and focus expenditure on the evidence most likely to influence the outcome.

Check Policy and Planning History

Review the development plan, emerging plan, allocations, settlement boundaries, Green Belt, Article 4 directions, previous permissions and appeal decisions.

Confirm Ownership and Access Rights

Ensure the red line includes all land needed for access and mitigation and identify third-party rights, covenants, agricultural tenants and ransom issues.

Test the Exact Legal Route

For GPDO development, audit every limitation, condition, date, use-history requirement, designation and previous use before treating prior approval as available.

Identify Decisive Constraints

Prioritise access, flood risk, ecology, structural suitability, contamination, heritage, landscape, utilities and neighbouring amenity.

Programme Seasonal and Long-Lead Work

Ecology windows, traffic surveys, drainage testing, utility responses, committee dates and section 106 negotiations can extend the programme beyond the headline statutory period.

Consider Value and Exit Strategy

Decide whether the objective is a sale with principle established, a detailed implementable consent, a phased scheme or a permitted development conversion.

Calls for Sites, Local Plans and land availability assessments

Planning Opportunity Guides

A direct planning application is not always the best first step. Search live Call for Sites, Local Plan and land availability assessment opportunities to identify whether land should instead be promoted for future allocation.

Frequently Asked Questions

Full permission determines the principle and detailed scheme together. Outline permission establishes the general principle and parameters, with access, appearance, landscaping, layout and/or scale reserved for later approval.
No. Permission in principle is a specific housing-led two-stage route. Stage one is limited to location, land use and amount. Technical details consent then supplies everything needed to grant planning permission. Outline permission is a different statutory route using reserved matters.
No. The GPDO grants permission nationally if the development meets every limitation and condition. Prior approval allows the council to assess specified impacts and confirm whether the proposal can proceed under that right.
Not necessarily. The authority still needs enough evidence to determine whether the proposed amount and type of development can be delivered. Access, ecology, flood risk, drainage, transport, heritage, landscape and other fundamental matters may need to be addressed at outline stage.
Class Q is a conversion right, not a right to replace a building. Limited works reasonably necessary for conversion are permitted, but a scheme requiring substantial demolition and reconstruction is likely to need full planning permission.
Class R principally grants the change of use. External operational development may require a separate full application. The change of use and building works should therefore be planned together.
There is no national Class MA floorspace cap for applications made under the current rules, and the former three-month vacancy requirement has been removed. All other eligibility, prior approval, space, natural-light, designation and Article 4 requirements remain important.
Paragraph W can allow development to proceed after expiry of the period in relevant cases, but only if the application and proposal comply with every legal requirement and no agreed extension changes the date. Because an error can make the development unlawful, professional confirmation or a lawful development certificate should be considered before relying on a deemed outcome.
For ordinary planning applications, permission in principle, technical details consent and relevant prior approval applications, an applicant can generally appeal against non-determination after the statutory or agreed period has expired. The precise appeal deadline and procedure should be checked immediately.
No. The required evidence depends on the application route, proposal, site and local validation list. A planning and constraints review should identify which surveys are essential, which are proportionate and which can be deferred.

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Guidance note: This page provides general information about planning law and procedure in England and was reviewed on 2 August 2026. The GPDO, appeal procedures, fees, local validation lists, Article 4 directions and planning policy can change. The precise legislation and decision notice should be checked for each site before development or an appeal is commenced.

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